Understanding The Science Of Insulin And Its Role In Managing Blood Sugar Levels

On World Diabetes Day, experts highlight the critical role of <b>insulin</b>, a peptide hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates metabolism and blood glucose. When cells in muscles or the liver develop <b>insulin resistance</b>, they fail to respond effectively, causing glucose to accumulate in the bloodstream. This forces the pancreas to overwork, eventually leading to high blood sugar and diabetes. The medical potential of insulin was famously unlocked by Sir Frederick Banting, Charles Best, and JJR Macleod, who isolated the hormone in 1922. Their <b>Nobel Prize-winning breakthrough</b> in 1923 revolutionized diabetes treatment, with teenager Leonard Thompson becoming the first patient to receive a life-saving insulin injection.